Mobile Attachment – Causes and Consequences for Emotional Bonding with Mobile Phones by Alexander Meschtscherjakov
- 7 billion population, 6.8 billion mobile subscriptions
- psychology: attachment theory, extended self; consumer research and design: brand attachment, product attachment
- mobile attachment: cognitive and emotional target-specific bond connecting a person's self and a mobile device that varies in strength
- model: causes, influences, consequences
- causes: device-self linkage routes, design space determinants; empowerment -> utility; self (past + private + public +collective) enrichment -> memory + self image + affiliation + world view; self-gratification -> pleasure
- influences: user (personality, brand history, ownership, etc), environment (ads, narratives, other devices), device (design, functions, quality, etc)
- consequences: investment of resources and self-image resources, behavioral and emotional responses
- conclusions: attachment exists, causes and consequences are not mutually exclusive, helpful to investigate theories in different disciplines
- “I Just Want to Be Your Telephone” song
Hooked On Smartphones: Overuse Among College Students by Uichin Lee
- smartphone overuse: disrupt social interactions, mental health, sleep patterns; technological addiction – behavioral not chemical
- goal: identify detailed usage behaviors related to problematic usage
- study: 95 students for a semester; 36 in risk group; android detailed usage logging tool (unlock, app use, lock, app notifications)
- addiction scale: interference, virtual world orientation, withdrawal, tolerance
- findings: risk groups spend more time, more frequently, and longer sessions; top 1 or 2 apps dominate usage, at risk groups show even more skewed; risk groups use more always but especially morning and evening; risk groups use web apps more and possibly communication apps; instant messaging dominant; external triggers (notifications) 450+ per day in risk group; 3 times more web page visits in group
- problematic usage: feel more compelled to check devices (more anxious), less conscious and structured in usage (less self-regulation)
Influence of Personality on Satisfaction with Mobile Phone Services by Nuria Oliver
- relationship between personality and satisfaction with devices
- satisfaction drives sustained consumption, is a focus of marketing, and an important measure in usability; used Big 5 personality dimensions
- model: relate personality, customer satisfaction, perceived usability, device usage
- study: 603 participants, young, gender balanced, rural and urban, use phone at least 6 months; call data records, so basic feature phone usage; structural equation modeling (ESM)
- findings: biggest factor is perceived usability and satisfaction (.48), mostly perceived efficiency; usage negatively correlates with satisfaction (mostly calls and duration); extroversion influences usage; extroversion and conscientiousness effect perceived usability; conscientiousness has positive influence on satisfaction, intellect negative
- implications: personality-based service personalization, minimize disruptions, be aware of user saturation points and usage/time budgets
Broken Display = Broken Interface? by Florian Schaub
- 37% of mobile phones damages in 1st 3 months; 23% of iPhones have damaged screens (disclaimer: study by insurance company)
- 95 photos of damaged screens from Mechanical Turk; image analysis; annotate and code damage; statistical damage analysis; damage topology
- damage categories: minor, medium, severe; compare to self-reported touch damage, correlates with extent of screen damage but minor screen damage perceive more touch damage
- 98% continued to use after damage for an average of 5 months, 8.4% more than a year; 70% did not plan to repair; still usable, damage insignificant, financial considerations
- viewing issues: location, extent, opacity, typing impacted by reading impact, depends on orientation; input issues: tactile sensations, source of injury, UI elements unreachable
- coping strategies: preventive, viewing, touch and input, calling, interaction; eg ignore or get used to, move content around, be more careful, alternative interaction paths, move to another app
- design considerations: support scrolling and device rotation, layout and theme customization (eg dark background makes damage less noticeable), alternative interaction paths, adaptive representations when sensing damage
